What is the process of discussing different positions in order to reach a mutually beneficial agreement?

The process of discussing different positions to reach a mutually beneficial agreement is known as negotiation. This practice involves two or more parties who come together to communicate their needs and preferences, often with the goal of finding a compromise or settling a dispute. During negotiation, each party may present their viewpoints, propose terms, and ultimately work collaboratively to explore solutions that satisfy everyone involved.

Negotiation is distinct from other similar processes because it typically emphasizes dialogue and voluntary agreement, allowing each party to retain some level of control over the outcome. This process often leads to solutions that are more satisfactory to all parties compared to adversarial methods, which may involve imposed decisions.

Other options represent different methods of conflict resolution. Mediation involves a neutral third party who facilitates conversation but does not impose a solution. Facilitation generally refers to guiding a process to help a group communicate and reach decisions, but it may not be focused solely on reaching an agreement like negotiation. Arbitration, on the other hand, involves a neutral party making a binding decision after hearing both sides, which takes away some control from the parties involved in favor of a final ruling.